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                  <text>(HA) Volcanic Phenomena Suite -- The Hawaiian Islands of Hawaii and Oahu</text>
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                  <text>These 31 samples comprise a collection of volcanic rocks associated with the hot-spot volcanism of the Hawaiian Islands. Samples were collected from various locations across the islands of Hawaii and Oahu. The collection contains samples of primarily tholeiitic &amp; alkalic basalts, pumice, scoria, oceanite, and hawaiite. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1949, Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 214 D&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article is a part of the general investigation of the island of Hawaii by the United States Geologic Survey. The paper describes the dominant volcanoes of the island of Hawaii (from which most of the suite's samples were collected) and describes the petrographic phenomena observed and geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ho, R.A., Garcia, M.O., 1988, Origin of differentiated lavas at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii; implications from the 1955 eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 35-46.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes a study of lava flows from the 1955 eruption of the Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii to evaluate models of crystal fractionation or magma mixing as the processes forming differentiated magmas. Through geochemical analyses, the study concluded that crystal fractionation resulted in the observed differentiation of lavas.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hofman, A.W., Farnetani, C.G., 2013, Two Views of Hawaiian Plume Structure: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v.14, p. 5308-5322, doi:10.1002/2013GC004942&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article presents two opposing views of the source of magmas for the Hawaiian volcanoes. Both views favor a deep mantle source, but try to explain differences in isotopic compositions.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1968, Composition and origin of Hawaiian LavasÂ &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; GSA Memoirs 1968, p. 477-522&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides geochemical analysis of major elements as well as determinations of minor elements of volcanic rocks from the island of Hawaii. The article describes the three major rock types - tholeitic, alkalic, and nephelinic - and concludes these rock suites are chemically intergradational and are likely derived from crystal differentiation of a single parent magma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moore, J.G., Clague, D.A., 1992, Volcano growth and evolution of the Island of Hawaii: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1471-1484&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article proposes a chronologic evolution of the island of Hawaii, from where many of the suite's samples were collected.&lt;/li&gt;
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                <text>Hand Sample: Aphanitic light gray vesicular pumice. Sample has incredibly low specific gravity due to abundant vesicles. Vesicles range in size from less than 0.1cm to 0.3cm. Some vesicles on cut face appear to be filled in with a lighter material. Sample contains blocks of Trachyte Obsidian from sample HA-22. </text>
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                  <text>These 31 samples comprise a collection of volcanic rocks associated with the hot-spot volcanism of the Hawaiian Islands. Samples were collected from various locations across the islands of Hawaii and Oahu. The collection contains samples of primarily tholeiitic &amp; alkalic basalts, pumice, scoria, oceanite, and hawaiite. </text>
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                  <text>Samples were collected from various locations on the islands of Hawaii and Oahu. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1949, Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 214 D&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article is a part of the general investigation of the island of Hawaii by the United States Geologic Survey. The paper describes the dominant volcanoes of the island of Hawaii (from which most of the suite's samples were collected) and describes the petrographic phenomena observed and geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ho, R.A., Garcia, M.O., 1988, Origin of differentiated lavas at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii; implications from the 1955 eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 35-46.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes a study of lava flows from the 1955 eruption of the Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii to evaluate models of crystal fractionation or magma mixing as the processes forming differentiated magmas. Through geochemical analyses, the study concluded that crystal fractionation resulted in the observed differentiation of lavas.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hofman, A.W., Farnetani, C.G., 2013, Two Views of Hawaiian Plume Structure: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v.14, p. 5308-5322, doi:10.1002/2013GC004942&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article presents two opposing views of the source of magmas for the Hawaiian volcanoes. Both views favor a deep mantle source, but try to explain differences in isotopic compositions.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1968, Composition and origin of Hawaiian LavasÂ &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; GSA Memoirs 1968, p. 477-522&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides geochemical analysis of major elements as well as determinations of minor elements of volcanic rocks from the island of Hawaii. The article describes the three major rock types - tholeitic, alkalic, and nephelinic - and concludes these rock suites are chemically intergradational and are likely derived from crystal differentiation of a single parent magma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moore, J.G., Clague, D.A., 1992, Volcano growth and evolution of the Island of Hawaii: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1471-1484&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article proposes a chronologic evolution of the island of Hawaii, from where many of the suite's samples were collected.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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                <text>Hand Sample: Lapilli tuff containing pieces of pumice (HA-23) and trachyte obsidian (HA-22) ranging in size from 0.1cm to 1.5cm. Clasts are held together in light-colored ash. Sample surface crumbles when handled.  Lapilli describes the size of the clasts, indicating a range in diameter of approx. 2 to 64mm. </text>
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                <text>Thin Section: Groundmass is predominantly clasts of pumice and trachyte obsidian, which are composed of glass and plagioclase grains in a glass matrix material. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1949, Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 214 D&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article is a part of the general investigation of the island of Hawaii by the United States Geologic Survey. The paper describes the dominant volcanoes of the island of Hawaii (from which most of the suite's samples were collected) and describes the petrographic phenomena observed and geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ho, R.A., Garcia, M.O., 1988, Origin of differentiated lavas at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii; implications from the 1955 eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 35-46.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes a study of lava flows from the 1955 eruption of the Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii to evaluate models of crystal fractionation or magma mixing as the processes forming differentiated magmas. Through geochemical analyses, the study concluded that crystal fractionation resulted in the observed differentiation of lavas.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hofman, A.W., Farnetani, C.G., 2013, Two Views of Hawaiian Plume Structure: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v.14, p. 5308-5322, doi:10.1002/2013GC004942&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article presents two opposing views of the source of magmas for the Hawaiian volcanoes. Both views favor a deep mantle source, but try to explain differences in isotopic compositions.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1968, Composition and origin of Hawaiian LavasÂ &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; GSA Memoirs 1968, p. 477-522&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides geochemical analysis of major elements as well as determinations of minor elements of volcanic rocks from the island of Hawaii. The article describes the three major rock types - tholeitic, alkalic, and nephelinic - and concludes these rock suites are chemically intergradational and are likely derived from crystal differentiation of a single parent magma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moore, J.G., Clague, D.A., 1992, Volcano growth and evolution of the Island of Hawaii: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1471-1484&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article proposes a chronologic evolution of the island of Hawaii, from where many of the suite's samples were collected.&lt;/li&gt;
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1949, Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 214 D&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article is a part of the general investigation of the island of Hawaii by the United States Geologic Survey. The paper describes the dominant volcanoes of the island of Hawaii (from which most of the suite's samples were collected) and describes the petrographic phenomena observed and geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ho, R.A., Garcia, M.O., 1988, Origin of differentiated lavas at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii; implications from the 1955 eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 35-46.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes a study of lava flows from the 1955 eruption of the Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii to evaluate models of crystal fractionation or magma mixing as the processes forming differentiated magmas. Through geochemical analyses, the study concluded that crystal fractionation resulted in the observed differentiation of lavas.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hofman, A.W., Farnetani, C.G., 2013, Two Views of Hawaiian Plume Structure: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v.14, p. 5308-5322, doi:10.1002/2013GC004942&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article presents two opposing views of the source of magmas for the Hawaiian volcanoes. Both views favor a deep mantle source, but try to explain differences in isotopic compositions.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1968, Composition and origin of Hawaiian LavasÂ &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; GSA Memoirs 1968, p. 477-522&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides geochemical analysis of major elements as well as determinations of minor elements of volcanic rocks from the island of Hawaii. The article describes the three major rock types - tholeitic, alkalic, and nephelinic - and concludes these rock suites are chemically intergradational and are likely derived from crystal differentiation of a single parent magma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moore, J.G., Clague, D.A., 1992, Volcano growth and evolution of the Island of Hawaii: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1471-1484&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article proposes a chronologic evolution of the island of Hawaii, from where many of the suite's samples were collected.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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Sample collected just above HA-25. Collected just North of Relay Tower and approx. one mile southeast of the highway.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1949, Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 214 D&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article is a part of the general investigation of the island of Hawaii by the United States Geologic Survey. The paper describes the dominant volcanoes of the island of Hawaii (from which most of the suite's samples were collected) and describes the petrographic phenomena observed and geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ho, R.A., Garcia, M.O., 1988, Origin of differentiated lavas at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii; implications from the 1955 eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 35-46.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes a study of lava flows from the 1955 eruption of the Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii to evaluate models of crystal fractionation or magma mixing as the processes forming differentiated magmas. Through geochemical analyses, the study concluded that crystal fractionation resulted in the observed differentiation of lavas.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hofman, A.W., Farnetani, C.G., 2013, Two Views of Hawaiian Plume Structure: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v.14, p. 5308-5322, doi:10.1002/2013GC004942&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article presents two opposing views of the source of magmas for the Hawaiian volcanoes. Both views favor a deep mantle source, but try to explain differences in isotopic compositions.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1968, Composition and origin of Hawaiian LavasÂ &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; GSA Memoirs 1968, p. 477-522&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides geochemical analysis of major elements as well as determinations of minor elements of volcanic rocks from the island of Hawaii. The article describes the three major rock types - tholeitic, alkalic, and nephelinic - and concludes these rock suites are chemically intergradational and are likely derived from crystal differentiation of a single parent magma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moore, J.G., Clague, D.A., 1992, Volcano growth and evolution of the Island of Hawaii: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1471-1484&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article proposes a chronologic evolution of the island of Hawaii, from where many of the suite's samples were collected.&lt;/li&gt;
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1949, Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 214 D&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ho, R.A., Garcia, M.O., 1988, Origin of differentiated lavas at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii; implications from the 1955 eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 35-46.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes a study of lava flows from the 1955 eruption of the Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii to evaluate models of crystal fractionation or magma mixing as the processes forming differentiated magmas. Through geochemical analyses, the study concluded that crystal fractionation resulted in the observed differentiation of lavas.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hofman, A.W., Farnetani, C.G., 2013, Two Views of Hawaiian Plume Structure: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v.14, p. 5308-5322, doi:10.1002/2013GC004942&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article presents two opposing views of the source of magmas for the Hawaiian volcanoes. Both views favor a deep mantle source, but try to explain differences in isotopic compositions.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1968, Composition and origin of Hawaiian LavasÂ &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; GSA Memoirs 1968, p. 477-522&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides geochemical analysis of major elements as well as determinations of minor elements of volcanic rocks from the island of Hawaii. The article describes the three major rock types - tholeitic, alkalic, and nephelinic - and concludes these rock suites are chemically intergradational and are likely derived from crystal differentiation of a single parent magma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moore, J.G., Clague, D.A., 1992, Volcano growth and evolution of the Island of Hawaii: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1471-1484&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article proposes a chronologic evolution of the island of Hawaii, from where many of the suite's samples were collected.&lt;/li&gt;
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                <text>Hand Sample: Aphanitic dark gray vesicular basalt. Vesicles are common throughout sample and range in size from 0.1 to 3.5cm in diameter. Individual olivine crystals are found throughout the sample and range in size from 0.1 to 0.4cm in length. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1949, Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 214 D&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article is a part of the general investigation of the island of Hawaii by the United States Geologic Survey. The paper describes the dominant volcanoes of the island of Hawaii (from which most of the suite's samples were collected) and describes the petrographic phenomena observed and geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ho, R.A., Garcia, M.O., 1988, Origin of differentiated lavas at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii; implications from the 1955 eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 35-46.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes a study of lava flows from the 1955 eruption of the Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii to evaluate models of crystal fractionation or magma mixing as the processes forming differentiated magmas. Through geochemical analyses, the study concluded that crystal fractionation resulted in the observed differentiation of lavas.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hofman, A.W., Farnetani, C.G., 2013, Two Views of Hawaiian Plume Structure: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v.14, p. 5308-5322, doi:10.1002/2013GC004942&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article presents two opposing views of the source of magmas for the Hawaiian volcanoes. Both views favor a deep mantle source, but try to explain differences in isotopic compositions.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1968, Composition and origin of Hawaiian LavasÂ &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; GSA Memoirs 1968, p. 477-522&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides geochemical analysis of major elements as well as determinations of minor elements of volcanic rocks from the island of Hawaii. The article describes the three major rock types - tholeitic, alkalic, and nephelinic - and concludes these rock suites are chemically intergradational and are likely derived from crystal differentiation of a single parent magma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moore, J.G., Clague, D.A., 1992, Volcano growth and evolution of the Island of Hawaii: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1471-1484&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article proposes a chronologic evolution of the island of Hawaii, from where many of the suite's samples were collected.&lt;/li&gt;
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1949, Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 214 D&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ho, R.A., Garcia, M.O., 1988, Origin of differentiated lavas at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii; implications from the 1955 eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 35-46.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes a study of lava flows from the 1955 eruption of the Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii to evaluate models of crystal fractionation or magma mixing as the processes forming differentiated magmas. Through geochemical analyses, the study concluded that crystal fractionation resulted in the observed differentiation of lavas.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hofman, A.W., Farnetani, C.G., 2013, Two Views of Hawaiian Plume Structure: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v.14, p. 5308-5322, doi:10.1002/2013GC004942&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article presents two opposing views of the source of magmas for the Hawaiian volcanoes. Both views favor a deep mantle source, but try to explain differences in isotopic compositions.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1968, Composition and origin of Hawaiian LavasÂ &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; GSA Memoirs 1968, p. 477-522&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides geochemical analysis of major elements as well as determinations of minor elements of volcanic rocks from the island of Hawaii. The article describes the three major rock types - tholeitic, alkalic, and nephelinic - and concludes these rock suites are chemically intergradational and are likely derived from crystal differentiation of a single parent magma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moore, J.G., Clague, D.A., 1992, Volcano growth and evolution of the Island of Hawaii: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1471-1484&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article proposes a chronologic evolution of the island of Hawaii, from where many of the suite's samples were collected.&lt;/li&gt;
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>(HA) Volcanic Phenomena Suite -- The Hawaiian Islands of Hawaii and Oahu</text>
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            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17793">
                  <text>These 31 samples comprise a collection of volcanic rocks associated with the hot-spot volcanism of the Hawaiian Islands. Samples were collected from various locations across the islands of Hawaii and Oahu. The collection contains samples of primarily tholeiitic &amp; alkalic basalts, pumice, scoria, oceanite, and hawaiite. </text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17794">
                  <text>Western Minerals, Inc.</text>
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              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17819">
                  <text>1969</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17820">
                  <text>HA-1 - HA-31</text>
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              <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
              <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17821">
                  <text>Samples were collected from various locations on the islands of Hawaii and Oahu. </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="116">
              <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
              <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17822">
                  <text>Samples formed from Holocene eruptions of the past 300 years. Dated samples formed between 1750 and 1960. </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="117">
              <name>Accrual Method</name>
              <description>The method by which items are added to a collection.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17823">
                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals, Inc. </text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="109">
              <name>References</name>
              <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17997">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1949, Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 214 D&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article is a part of the general investigation of the island of Hawaii by the United States Geologic Survey. The paper describes the dominant volcanoes of the island of Hawaii (from which most of the suite's samples were collected) and describes the petrographic phenomena observed and geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ho, R.A., Garcia, M.O., 1988, Origin of differentiated lavas at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii; implications from the 1955 eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 35-46.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes a study of lava flows from the 1955 eruption of the Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii to evaluate models of crystal fractionation or magma mixing as the processes forming differentiated magmas. Through geochemical analyses, the study concluded that crystal fractionation resulted in the observed differentiation of lavas.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hofman, A.W., Farnetani, C.G., 2013, Two Views of Hawaiian Plume Structure: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v.14, p. 5308-5322, doi:10.1002/2013GC004942&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article presents two opposing views of the source of magmas for the Hawaiian volcanoes. Both views favor a deep mantle source, but try to explain differences in isotopic compositions.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1968, Composition and origin of Hawaiian LavasÂ &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; GSA Memoirs 1968, p. 477-522&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides geochemical analysis of major elements as well as determinations of minor elements of volcanic rocks from the island of Hawaii. The article describes the three major rock types - tholeitic, alkalic, and nephelinic - and concludes these rock suites are chemically intergradational and are likely derived from crystal differentiation of a single parent magma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moore, J.G., Clague, D.A., 1992, Volcano growth and evolution of the Island of Hawaii: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1471-1484&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article proposes a chronologic evolution of the island of Hawaii, from where many of the suite's samples were collected.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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      <description>A physical material with a mineral composition.</description>
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          <name>Number of Thin Sections</name>
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              <text>1</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16334">
                <text>Rhyodacite</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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              <elementText elementTextId="16335">
                <text>Hand Sample: Aphanitic, pink-black rhyodacite. Sample contains alternating black and dark pink bands across face. Sample does not contain any vesicles or phenocrysts. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="16336">
                <text>Thin Section: Groundmass is microcrystalline, with abundant phenocrysts of plagioclase, olivine, and pyroxenes.</text>
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          <element elementId="37">
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              <elementText elementTextId="16337">
                <text>Western Minerals</text>
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          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16338">
                <text>Volcanic Phenomena Suite - The Hawaiian Islands of Hawaii and Oahu</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>HA-31</text>
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          <element elementId="115">
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            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16340">
                <text>Waiouai Range - Island of Oahu</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18568">
                <text>Sample collected in January, 1969.</text>
              </elementText>
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                  <elementText elementTextId="18534">
                    <text>DUCO-1 hand sample of red shale</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>(DUCO) Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence -- Dutchess County, New York</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17801">
                  <text>Western Minerals, Inc.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="117">
              <name>Accrual Method</name>
              <description>The method by which items are added to a collection.</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17802">
                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals, Inc.</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17809">
                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17810">
                  <text>1970</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="115">
              <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
              <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17811">
                  <text>Dutchess County, New York</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="116">
              <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
              <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17812">
                  <text>450-430 Ma</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="109">
              <name>References</name>
              <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17970">
                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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      <name>Rock</name>
      <description>A physical material with a mineral composition.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="128">
          <name>Unit</name>
          <description>Formation or other descriptive rock category</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="17828">
              <text>Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="129">
          <name>Number of Thin Sections</name>
          <description>Number of thin sections associated with this sample</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="17832">
              <text>1</text>
            </elementText>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17825">
                <text>DUCO-1</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17826">
                <text>Red shale</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="115">
            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17827">
                <text>Dutchess Co., NY</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17829">
                <text>Western Minerals</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17830">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17831">
                <text>Red shale from the Indian River member of the Normanskill formation. This rock contains hematite, chlorite, muscovite, plagioclase, and quartz.&#13;
&#13;
The thin section shows muscovite and biotite with some larger quartz grains visible and minor hematite staining. &#13;
&#13;
This rock is from the chlorite zone of the Barrovian metamorphic sequence (low metamorphism).&#13;
&#13;
This rock was collected from the east end of a large road cut which samples 2 and 3 were also collected from.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="117">
            <name>Accrual Method</name>
            <description>The method by which items are added to a collection.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17833">
                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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  <item itemId="691" public="1" featured="0">
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                <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                    <text>DUCO-2 hand sample of green shale</text>
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                <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                    <text>xpl / ppl</text>
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                </elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>(DUCO) Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence -- Dutchess County, New York</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17801">
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                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals, Inc.</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17809">
                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Green shale of the Indian River member of the Normanskill formation. This shale contains muscovite, chlorite, plagioclase, and quartz.&#13;
&#13;
The thin section shows quartz and biotite with some minor opaques.&#13;
&#13;
This rock is from the chlorite zone of the Barrovian metamorphic sequence (low metamorphism).&#13;
&#13;
This rock was collected from the east end of a large road cut where samples 1 and 3 were also collected from.</text>
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>450-430 Ma</text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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                <text>Graywacke</text>
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                <text>Dutchess Co., NY</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17849">
                <text>The graywacke facies in the Mt. Merino member (where sample 4 also comes from). Graywacke is a hard, dark-colored sandstone. This sandstone represents a similar rock to the protolith for the quartzite of sample 10.&#13;
&#13;
The thin section shows quartz, feldspar, and lithics.&#13;
&#13;
This rock is from the chlorite zone of the Barrovian metamorphic sequence (low metamorphism).&#13;
&#13;
This rock was collected from the west end of a large road cut where samples 1 and 2 were also collected from.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17851">
                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17812">
                  <text>450-430 Ma</text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>A highly graphitic slate in the Walloomsac slates. Contains pyrite. This rock also contains biotite, chlorite, muscovite, quartz, ilmenite, and pyrite.&#13;
&#13;
The thin section shows large biotite grains, and chlorite muscovite, and quartz. Fluid inclusions are pervasive.&#13;
&#13;
This rock is from the biotite zone of the Barrovian sequence (low-intermediate metamorphism). </text>
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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The thin section shows several large biotite grains with an included garnet, small quartz grains, muscovite, and many fluid inclusions.&#13;
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This rock is from the garnet zone in the Barrovian metamorphic sequence (intermediate metamorphism).</text>
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Schist with coarse chloritoid crystals (up to 1/8 inch) without preferred orientation. These crystals grow across the foliation developed in the schist, but appear deformed. Chloritoid is a silicate mineral made in metamorphism. It also contains garnet, muscovite, chlorite, feldspar, and quartz.&#13;
&#13;
The thin section shows a large chloritoid grain, and euhedral garnet. Fine-grained muscovite and biotite are present, along with strings of an opaque, likely graphite.&#13;
&#13;
This rock is from the garnet zone in the Barrovian metamorphic sequence (intermediate metamorphism).</text>
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
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                <text>Staurolite chloritoid schist</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Schist bearing both staurolite and chloritoid. This marks the first appearance of staurolite in the metamorphic sequence. Also contains garnet, muscovite, chlorite, biotite, feldspar, and quartz. The assemblage in not in equilibrium.&#13;
&#13;
The thin section shows large chloritoid grains with staurolite (an assemblage not in equilibrium). Fine grained muscovite and biotite are also present, along with micro-crystalline quartz and several graphite strings.&#13;
&#13;
This rock is right at the transition between the garnet-staurolite zones in the Barrovian metamorphic sequence (intermediate (increasing) metamorphism).</text>
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                  <text>(DUCO) Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence -- Dutchess County, New York</text>
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>450-430 Ma</text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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              <text>1</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Staurolite schist</text>
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                <text>Dutchess Co., NY</text>
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                <text>Western Minerals</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17903">
                <text>Schist with coarse staurolite grains. This outcropping is approximately on the strike of the chloritoid schists (sample 7). Also contains garnet, muscovite, feldspar, and quartz. Presumed to be from the Everett Schist.&#13;
&#13;
The thin section shows staurolite, biotite, muscovite (noticeable by pleochroism differences) and quartz.&#13;
&#13;
This rock is from the staurolite zone in the Barrovian metamorphic sequence (higher intermediate metamorphism).</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17905">
                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>450-430 Ma</text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
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                <text>Quartzite</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Metamorphised sandstone with a gray, glassy appearance. From the Paughquag quartzite, a late Cambrian formation. The basal Cambrian quartzite rests on pre-Cambrian gneisses.&#13;
&#13;
The thin section shows quartz and plag with some biotite and grain boundaries. Many fluid inclusions noticeable.&#13;
&#13;
This rock has a different protolith than the many pelitic schists around it.</text>
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                    <text>DUCO-11 hand sample of kyanite biotite garnet schist</text>
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                  <text>(DUCO) Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence -- Dutchess County, New York</text>
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>1970</text>
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                  <text>450-430 Ma</text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
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              <text>Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence</text>
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                <text>Kyanite biotite garnet schist</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Schist with coarse biotite controlling foliation. Garnets visible in some hand samples. Kyanite blades without preferred orientation--at higher concentration within folds. Possibly from the Walloomsac schist.&#13;
&#13;
The PPL thin section shows biotite, muscovite, kyanite, and staurolite.&#13;
&#13;
This rock is from the kyanite zone of the Barrovian metamorphic sequence (high metamorphism). </text>
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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