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Phylum: Mollusca &lt;br /&gt;
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Family:  &lt;br /&gt;
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Schist with coarse chloritoid crystals (up to 1/8 inch) without preferred orientation. These crystals grow across the foliation developed in the schist, but appear deformed. Chloritoid is a silicate mineral made in metamorphism. It also contains garnet, muscovite, chlorite, feldspar, and quartz.&#13;
&#13;
The thin section shows a large chloritoid grain, and euhedral garnet. Fine-grained muscovite and biotite are present, along with strings of an opaque, likely graphite.&#13;
&#13;
This rock is from the garnet zone in the Barrovian metamorphic sequence (intermediate metamorphism).</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/files/original/c299ac286818b1a6c702d3cf0cec5b9d.pdf"&gt;SW Rock Suite&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>(TMJ) Quartz-rich Metamorphic Suite -- Tanzawa Mountains, Kanto, Japan</text>
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                  <text>The Tanzawa Mountains in Japan were created in an arc-arc collision, when the Izu-Bonin-Mariana Arc was subducted beneath the Honshu Arc. This eventually  accreted into the Tanzawa Mountains.  The samples in this collection were found in and around the Tanzawa Mountains.  The suite includes hornfels, amphibolites, quartz diorite, granophyres, and other basaltic rocks.  The samples range from fine to coarse grained.  An interesting feature found on many of the samples was a flow-like swirl of minerals in the thin section, visible in XPL.  The quartz diorite  samples had crystalline, powdery substances on them, which were analyzed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The chemical compositions of the mentioned powdery substances were calcium, aluminum, silicon, and oxygen. </text>
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                  <text>Western Minerals, Inc.</text>
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              <name>References</name>
              <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17996">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Kawate, S., and Makoto, A., 1998, Petrogenesis of the Tanzawa plutonic complex, central Japan; exposed felsic middle crust of the Izu-Bonin-Mariana Arc: Island Arc, v. 7, p. 342-358, &lt;br /&gt;link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.1998.00194.x.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This paper explains the chemical variation and high SiO&lt;sub&gt;2Â &lt;/sub&gt;percentage of rocks within Tanzawa region, and describes in some depth the tectonic events that uplifted the Tanzawa Mountains. Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional resources:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Kitamura, K., Ishikawa, M., and Arima, M., 2003, Petrological model of the northern Izu-Bonin-Mariana Arc crust; constraints from high-pressure measurements of elastic wave velocities of the Tanzawa plutonic rocks, central Japan: Tectonophysics, v. 371, p.213-221,Â &lt;br /&gt;link:Â http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(03)00229-4&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This paper researchs the variations in acoustic impedance between different hornblende-gabbroic rocks from Tanzawa, Japan.Â &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mikami, K., 1953, Metamorphic rocks in the southeastern margin of the Tanzawa quartz-diorite mass: Science Reports of Yokohama National University, v. 2, p. 34-49&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This paper studies the chemical analysis of amphibolites resulting from contact metamorphism of the quartz-diorite mass in the Tanzawa Mountains.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tani, K., Dunkley, D. J., Kimura, J., Wysoczanski, R.J., Yamada, K., and Tatsumi, Y.,2010,Â Syncollisional rapid granitic magma formation in an arc-arc collision zone: Evidence from the Tanzawa plutonic complex, Japan:Â Geology [Boulder], v. 38, p.215-218,Â &lt;br /&gt;link:Â http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G30526.1&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This paper discusses the collison that exposed the gabbroic rocks of the Tanzawa plutonic complex, and overall gives the reader an in-depth sturctural history of the Tanzawa Mountains.Â &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yoshimura, T., 1997, Ca-Al silicates in low-grade metavolcanic rocks from southern Tanzawa Mountains, Central Japan: Journal of Mineralogy Petrology and Economic Geology, Â v. 92, p. 363-378, &lt;br /&gt;link: http://dx.doi.org/10.2465/ganko.92.363.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This paper explains prevalence of greenschist facies within the Tanzawa Mountain region, and gives the mineral composition of rocks from southern region of Tanzawa Mountains.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Â &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Â &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Â &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>The samples were found in the Tanzawa Mountains of Kanto, Japan. &#13;
</text>
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                  <text>The Tanzawa Mountains were formed during the late Pliocene. </text>
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                <text>Clay and Stilbite Matrix in Sandstone</text>
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                <text>Quartz Sandstone</text>
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                <text>Rock Sample:&#13;
The sample appears to be a conglomerate of crystals.The color is tan to dark green.  The rock has low specific gravity .  There are green, white, and brownish-orange clasts. There are some minor fractures on the outside of the sample.  There is some very light banding of minerals. There is an orange coating that could be evidence of chemical weathering. &#13;
It has rough sandy texture, and is very brittle. &#13;
&#13;
Thin Section:&#13;
There is a very fine matrix with semi-rounded quartz and multiple zoned crystals.  The crystals are very disorganized within the thin section.  Some of the plagioclase crystals show non-uniform twinning. It is similar to tartan twinning, at a 70 degree angle. Some of the pyroxene is very fine grained and are clumped together in a swirling formation. &#13;
-Quartz (40%)&#13;
-K-feldspar (20%)&#13;
-Plagioclase (20%)&#13;
-Pyroxene (15%)&#13;
-Biotite (5%)&#13;
-Magnification at 4x/0.10</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1969</text>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
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                <text>Western Minerals, Inc.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/10"&gt;Tanzawa Mountains--Metamorphic Suite, Japan&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>TMJ-17</text>
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                <text>Tanzawa Mountains, Japan  in sandstone of (Zone I)  100-150 feet from locality sampled</text>
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                <text>N/A</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10224">
                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                  <text>(HA) Volcanic Phenomena Suite -- The Hawaiian Islands of Hawaii and Oahu</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>These 31 samples comprise a collection of volcanic rocks associated with the hot-spot volcanism of the Hawaiian Islands. Samples were collected from various locations across the islands of Hawaii and Oahu. The collection contains samples of primarily tholeiitic &amp; alkalic basalts, pumice, scoria, oceanite, and hawaiite. </text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Date</name>
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                  <text>1969</text>
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              <name>Identifier</name>
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                  <text>HA-1 - HA-31</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
              <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17821">
                  <text>Samples were collected from various locations on the islands of Hawaii and Oahu. </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="116">
              <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
              <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17822">
                  <text>Samples formed from Holocene eruptions of the past 300 years. Dated samples formed between 1750 and 1960. </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="117">
              <name>Accrual Method</name>
              <description>The method by which items are added to a collection.</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17823">
                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals, Inc. </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="109">
              <name>References</name>
              <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17997">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1949, Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 214 D&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article is a part of the general investigation of the island of Hawaii by the United States Geologic Survey. The paper describes the dominant volcanoes of the island of Hawaii (from which most of the suite's samples were collected) and describes the petrographic phenomena observed and geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ho, R.A., Garcia, M.O., 1988, Origin of differentiated lavas at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii; implications from the 1955 eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 35-46.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes a study of lava flows from the 1955 eruption of the Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii to evaluate models of crystal fractionation or magma mixing as the processes forming differentiated magmas. Through geochemical analyses, the study concluded that crystal fractionation resulted in the observed differentiation of lavas.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hofman, A.W., Farnetani, C.G., 2013, Two Views of Hawaiian Plume Structure: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v.14, p. 5308-5322, doi:10.1002/2013GC004942&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article presents two opposing views of the source of magmas for the Hawaiian volcanoes. Both views favor a deep mantle source, but try to explain differences in isotopic compositions.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1968, Composition and origin of Hawaiian LavasÂ &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; GSA Memoirs 1968, p. 477-522&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides geochemical analysis of major elements as well as determinations of minor elements of volcanic rocks from the island of Hawaii. The article describes the three major rock types - tholeitic, alkalic, and nephelinic - and concludes these rock suites are chemically intergradational and are likely derived from crystal differentiation of a single parent magma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moore, J.G., Clague, D.A., 1992, Volcano growth and evolution of the Island of Hawaii: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1471-1484&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article proposes a chronologic evolution of the island of Hawaii, from where many of the suite's samples were collected.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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      <description>A physical material with a mineral composition.</description>
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        <element elementId="129">
          <name>Number of Thin Sections</name>
          <description>Number of thin sections associated with this sample</description>
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              <text>1</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="15615">
                <text>Clinkery aa</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="15616">
                <text>Hand Sample: Apahanitic, vesicular, dark gray-black basalt. Olivine crystals are scattered throughout the sample and are approx. 0.05cm in diameter. Vesicles are very predominant throughout the sample and range in diameter from 0.01 cm to 1.5 cm This sample displays characteristics of rough aa texture. The surface of the rock is dark red-brown likely due to weathering. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="15617">
                <text>Thin Section: Aphanitic groundmass composed of mainly glass and microcrystals of clinopyroxene. Medium size, elongated, euhederal plagioclase crystals are present that display twinning. </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/656"&gt;Volcanic Phenomena Suite - The Hawaiian Islands of Hawaii and Oahu&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Southern edge of Mauna Loa - Island of Hawaii&#13;
Collected from highway</text>
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            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="15622">
                <text>1887</text>
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                <text>Sample collected January, 1969</text>
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                  <text>ISC Room 145 Drawers</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Kingdom: Plantae &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;</text>
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                <text>Room 145, Drawer 4E</text>
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                <text>Scranton, Pennsylvania</text>
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                    <text>Coarse anorthosite</text>
                  </elementText>
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              <element elementId="50">
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                    <text>Coarse anorthosite-thin section cross polarized light</text>
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                    <text>Coarse anorthosite-thin section plane polarized light</text>
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                  <text>(ADK) Anorthosite-Charnockite and Metamorphic Suite --&#13;
 Adirondack Mountains, New York</text>
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                  <text>The Adirondack Mountains of northern New York State are underlain by approximately 20,000 square miles of complexly deformed, high grade metamorphic rocks which are believed to represent a southern outlier of the much larger Grenville Province.The Adirondacks can be divided into the "Lowlands" and the "Highlands" . The Lowlands comprise the northwestern quarter of the belt and are characterized by amphibolite facies metamorphism. The Highlands appear to consist entirely of granulite facies rocks.  All rocks in this suite have been collected from the Highlands and predominantly from the southern quarter of the Adirondacks.  &#13;
&#13;
This suite of rocks is designed to be representative of the Highlands in general. Therefore it includes both metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks.  The latter are very common throughout the Adirondacks and contain the often-discussed anorthosite-charnockite suite of rocks. Almost all rocks in the Adirondack Highlands are strongly foliated. This is the result of intense polyphase deformation that has affected this area.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start here:Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;McLelland, J., and Selleck, B.W.,2011,Â Megacrystic Gore Mountain-type garnets in the Adirondack Highlands; age, origin, and tectonic implications:Geosphere, v.7, no. 5, p.1194-1208, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00683.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/GES00683.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes the formation of the megacrystic garnet amphibolites in the Gore Mountain section of the Adirondack Mountains. The authors conclude that three main factors influenced the garnet development: collapse of the Ottawan orogeny, intrusion of Lyon Mountain Granite, and fluid-related alteration at high temperature.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional resources:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;McLelland, J.M., Bickford, M.E., Hill, B.M., Clechenko, C.C., Valley, J.W., and Hamilton, M.A., 2004,Â Direct dating of Adirondack Massif anorthosite by U-Pb SHRIMP analysis of igneous zircon; implications for AMCG complexes:Â Geological Society of America Bulletin, v.116, no. 11-12, p.1299-1317, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25482.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/B25482.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes techniques used to more accurately date the Adirondack Massif anorthosite.The authors concluded that the massifsÂ &lt;span&gt;constitute a single, composite anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) suite intruded at ca. 1155 Ma. Although the rock suite is considered to be coeval, the authors conclude the rocks are not comagmatic.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Bickford, M.E., Spear, F., and Storm, L., 2002, Geology and geochronolgy of the eastern Adirondacks inÂ &lt;span&gt;New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference, 94th, New York State Geological Association 74th: guidebook for field trips in New York and Vermont : Lake George, New York&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This field trip guide provides for nine stops in the eastern Adirondacks. It also include some thin sections images and zircon images from sample rocks of the field trip stops.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Daly, J.S., and McLelland, J.M., 1996,Â The Grenville orogenic cycle (ca. 1350-1000 Ma); an Adirondack perspective: Tectonophysics, v.265, issue 1-2, p.1-28, doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(96)00144-8" target="_blank"&gt;10.1016/S0040-1951(96)00144-8&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides a detailed geochronological account of the Grenville orogeny (ca. 1350-1000 Ma) with emphasis on the impact it had on the formation of the Adirondack Mountains.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Lewis, A., and Moore, L., 1994,Â Composition and petrogenesis of oxide-, apatite-rich gabbronorites associated with Proterozoic anorthosite massifs: examples from the Adirondack Mountains, New York: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v.116, p.225-238, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310702" target="_blank"&gt;10.1007/BF00310702&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article investigates the occurence of oxide-, apatite-rich gabbronorites with anorthosite massifs of the Adirondacks. The authors describe a multilple-step process of plagioclase crystal fractionation that ultimately leads to high concentrations of P, Fe, and Ti.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;New York State Geological Survey&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/nysgs/nygeology/mineralogy/adirondacks/index.html"&gt;http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/nysgs/nygeology/mineralogy/adirondacks/index.html&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;The NYS Geological Survey is a division of the New York State Museum system. This web page provides some details about the Adirondack Highlands and pictures of various minerals found in this region.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regan, S.P., Chiarenzelli, J.R., McLelland,Â J.M., and Cousens, B. L., 2011,Â Evidence for an enriched asthenospheric source for coronitic metagabbros in the Adirondack Highlands: Geosphere, v.7, issue 3, p.&lt;span&gt;Â 694-709, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00629.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/GES00629.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes the formation of coronitc metagabbros through tectonic processes involving the asthenosphere. Through geochemical and isotopic analyses, the authors provide a timeline of tectonic and petrologic events that supports an asthenospheric source for coronitic metagabbros.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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                  <text>The Adirondack Mountains were formed approximately 1.1- 1.3 billion years ago during the Grenville Orogeny (Precambrian eon, Proterozic era).</text>
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                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc. </text>
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                <text>AD-18</text>
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                <text>Coarse anorthosite</text>
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                <text>Adirondack Highlands-collected from a massive outcrop on NY Route 3, about 5 miles south of Saranac Lake.</text>
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                <text>Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/7"&gt;Anorthosite-Charnockite and Metamorphic Suite-Adirondack Mountains, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                <text>This coarse-grained specimen is typical of the massive, homogeneous anorthosite that occurs within the Marcy Massif and underlies the High Peaks region of the Adirondacks. The anorthosite from Route 3 is best represented by analyses 5-L and 8, Table 3, Buddington (1939). Also by analyses A, 16, and 17, Table 4, p. 3 , and by Table 5, p. 32,  Buddington (1939).&#13;
Thin section shows plagioclase, clinopyroxene and ilmenite.</text>
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                  <text>This collection contains 21 samples. They are a representation of samples of lithology from the early precambrian to the late permian. The stratigraphic sequence contains a variety of rocks including, but not limited to schist, limestone, and sandstone. These specimens are representative of the geologic section in the Grand Canyon, but no specimens were collected within the boundaries of the National Park. </text>
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                  <text>Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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            <element elementId="109">
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                <elementText elementTextId="17805">
                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Blakey, R.C., and Middleton, L.T., 2012, Geologic history and paleogeography of paleozoic and early mesozoic sedimentary rocks, eastern Grand Canyon, Arizona: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 489, pp. 81-92, doi: &lt;a href="%20http%3A//dx.doi.org/10.1130/2012.2489(05)"&gt;10.1130/2012.2489(05)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2012.2489(05)%20" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This reference outlines the stratigraphy found in this suite. It specifically highlights the paleozoic era in which the samples represent.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Brown, E.H., Babcock, R.S., Clark, M.D., and Livingston, D.E., 1979,Â Geology of the older Precambrian rocks of the Grand Canyon Part I. Petrology and structure of the Vishnu Complex: Precambrian Research, v. 8, p. 219-241, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(79)90030-5%20"&gt;10.1016/0301-9268(79)90030-5Â &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Brown et al. begins this series of 3 articles outlining the geologic timescale and discusses the Vishnu complex and how it fits into the geologic timescale. It provides an explaination for several of the samples in this collection.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Brown, E.H., Babcock, R.S., Clark, M.D., and Livingston, D.E., 1979,Â Geology of the older Precambrian rocks of the Grand Canyon Part II. The Zoroaster Plutonic Complex and related rocks: Precambrian Research, v. 8, p. 243-275, doi&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(79)90031-7" target="_blank"&gt;10.1016/0301-9268(79)90031-7&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;In the second part of the article, the authors discuss the importance of the pluton and how it affected the formation of the stratigraphic profile of the grand canyon.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Clark, M.D., 1979,Â Geology of the older Precambrian rocks of the Grand Canyon. Part III. Petrology of mafic schists and amphibolites: Precambrian Research, v. 8, p. 277-302, doi&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(79)90032-9" target="_blank"&gt;10.1016/0301-9268(79)90032-9&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;The final section of this discussion set provides insight into the mafic layers of the stratigraphic column.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Ilg, B.R., Karlstrom, K.E., Hawkins, D.P., and Williams, M.L., 1996,Â Tectonic evolution of Paleoproterozoic rocks in the Grand Canyon: Insights into middle-crustal processes:Â Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 108, p. 1149-1166, doi&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This is a general look into the formation of the stratigraphic layers. This article does a good job combining the above articles into one condensed summary.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Peach Springs, Mohave Co., Arizona&#13;
Peach Springs, Coconino Co., Arizona&#13;
Seligman, Ysvupai Co., Arizona &#13;
Williams, Coconino Co., Arizona</text>
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                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc. </text>
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                <text>Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/items/show/1"&gt;Grand Canyon Western Minerals Supplementary Information&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Prominent bluff near US 66 at S. end of Aubrey Cliffs, see specimen 14 locality.</text>
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                <text>Permian</text>
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                <text>A buff-colored siltstone/sandstone.  The grains are angular and are quartz-dominated.&#13;
&#13;
Thin section images were taken at a 400x magnification.</text>
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                <text>orthoquartzite sandstone</text>
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                  <text>(NH) Plutonic Magma Series -- Southwestern New Hampshire</text>
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                  <text>A sampling of the four plutonic stages of the New Hampshire series. This encompasses the Bethlehem Gneiss, the Kinsman Quartz Monzonite, the Spaulding Quartz Diorite and the Concord Granite.  The rocks cover the Mascoma, Sunapee, Mt. Kearsarge, Penacook, Hillsboro, and Concord Quadrangles.  The ages of the series range from 359-411 Ma.</text>
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                  <text>Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                  <text>August 1979</text>
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                  <text>359-411 Ma</text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Dorais, M.J., 2003, The petrogenesis and emplacement of the New Hampshire Plutonic Suite: American Journal of Science, v. 303, pp. 447-487,Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This paper describes the formation of each of the four series in the New Hampshire magma series.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Clark, R.G., and Lyons, J.B., 1986, Petrogenesis of the Kinsman intrusive suite; peraluminous granitiods of western New Hampshire: Journal of Petrology, v. 27, pp. 1365-1393&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This paper describes the formation of the Kinsman Quartz Monzonite in detail.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Duke, E.F., 1978, Petrology of Spaulding Group tonalites from Penacook Quadrangle, New Hampshire [Ph.D. Thesis], Dartmouth College, 117 p.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This thesis details the emplacement, formation, and petrology of the Spaulding Quartz Diorite.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Lathrop, A.S., Blum, J.D., and Chamberlain, C.P., 1996, Nd, Sr and O isotopic study of the petrogeneseis of two syntectonic members of the New Hampshire plutonic series: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 124, pp. 126-138.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This paper describes the elemental and isotopic analyses of the New Hampshire magma series in order to better understand the petrogenesis of the suite.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Lyons, J.B., and Livingston, D.E., 1977, Rb-Sr age of the New Hampshire Plutonic Series: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 88, pp. 1808-1812&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This paper uses Rb-Sr isotopic analyses in order to age date the four different members of the New Hampshire magma series.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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          <name>Unit</name>
          <description>Formation or other descriptive rock category</description>
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              <text>Concord Granite</text>
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              <text>1</text>
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                <text>Concord Granite</text>
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                <text>August 1979</text>
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                <text>Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/11"&gt;New Hampshire Magma Series&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>NH-19</text>
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                <text>Hillsboro Quad, SW corner of Lake Massagecum.</text>
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                <text>Devonian</text>
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals, Inc.</text>
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                <text>Granite, dark facies, from the Concord Granite. Thin section contains quartz, plagioclase, potassium feldspar, and biotite.  Hand sample shows lots of quartz and feldspars with dark biotite.</text>
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                  <text>2nd Floor ISC Fossil Display Cases</text>
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                <text>2nd floor hallway, display case 8</text>
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                <text>New York</text>
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                <text>mistaken for fossil</text>
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                <text>Cone in cone structure (pseudofossil)</text>
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                <text>DC8-2S-3</text>
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                <text>2nd floor hallway, display case 8</text>
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                <text>Pennsylvanian</text>
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            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
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                <text>Taretnum, Pennsylvania</text>
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                <text>mistaken for fossil</text>
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                    <text>PPL thin section </text>
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                  <text>(FM) Flysch Stratigraphic Suite -- Molasse Basin, Switzerland </text>
                </elementText>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17784">
                  <text>Flysch is dominantly a turbidite succession, alternating sandstone and shale 100mm to rarely 100m in syntectonic accumulations. With a rising landmass shedding clastic debris into "deep" troughs, oversteepening of sediments along the shelf or actual tilting of the shell initiated turbidity currents flows deeper into the marine basin. There may be hundreds of these units in a given section. Nappes then over rode the soft sediments, locally producing strong deformational structures in the flysch sediments.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The nappes shed their debris into fresh marine environments in great fans with large accumulations of coarse conglomerates. A molasse section may be a thousand meters thick. Molasse comprises a clastic sedimentary succession in a post-tectonic environment. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Flysch and molasse both have sedimentatlogical as well as tectonic implications associated with their appearance in an outcrop. Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dr. Trumpy at the Geological Institute in Zurich suggested specific localities for collecting and arranged for Dr. Hanspeter and Mr. Freeman to take me into the field on successive days. Later, Mr. Freeman spent several days in order to procure this suite. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A set of kodachrome slides is available and should be used with the specimens to put the rocks into relationships seen in the field. There are 11 slide specimens. All slide specimens were photographed in PPL and XPL.</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17785">
                  <text>Western Minerals, inc.</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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              <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17995">
                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Eynatten, H.V., 2003, Petrology and chemistry of sandstones from the Swiss Molasse Basin: an archive of the Oligocene to Miocene of the Central Alps: Sedimentology, v.50, p.703-724. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-1309.2003.00571.x"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-1309.2003.00571.x&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Fluvial sandstones from the Swiss Molasse Basin were analyzed for sandstone framework composition, heavy minerals, whole-rock geochemistry and detrital chrome spinel chemistry to understand its provenance.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional resources:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Schlunegger, F., Matter, A., Burbank, D.W., and Â Klaper, E.M., 1997, Magnetostratigraphic constraints on relationships between evolution of the central Swiss Molasse Basin and Alpine orogenic events: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v.109, p.225-241. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1997)1092.3.CO;2%20"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1997)1092.3.CO;2 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Magnetostratigraphic chronologies, together with lithostratigraphic, sedimentological, and petrological data enable detailed reconstruction of the Oligocene to Miocene history of the North Alpine foreland basin in relation to specific orogenic events and exhumation of the Alps.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sinclair, H.D., 1997, Flysch to molasses transition in peripheral foreland basins; the role of the passive margin versus slab breakoff: Geology, v.25, p.1123-1126. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1997)0252.3.CO;2%20"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1997)0252.3.CO;2 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;It is proposed that slab breakoff may have been responsible for the increased sediment supply that resulted in the flysch to molasse transition in the North Alpine foreland basin, and that this provides an alternative to the passive margin model.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Spiegel, C., Siebel, W., Frisch, W., and Berner, Z., 2002, Nd and Sr isotopic ratios and trace element geochemistry of epidote from the Swiss Molasse Basin as provenance indicators; implications for the reconstruction of the echumation history of the Central Alps: Chemical Geology, v.189, p.231-250.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Uses a combination of events to explain the geodynamic scenario of large-scale lateral extension processes affecting the Central Alps in post-collisional times.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Willet, S.D. and Schlunegger, F., 2010, The last phase of deposition in the Swiss Molasse Basin; from foredeep to negative-alpha basin: Basin Research, v.22, p.623-639. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2009.00435.x%20"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2009.00435.x &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Simple analytical theory for the necessary conditions for such a negative-alpha basin to develop and be maintained.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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              <description>An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17998">
                  <text>Typical turbidite sequence rocks (predominantly clastics with some evidence of carbonate input) </text>
                </elementText>
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              <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
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                  <text>Molasse Basin, Sternenberg, Germany</text>
                </elementText>
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              <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
              <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18201">
                  <text>In the Late Eocene, the area subsided again and developed into the Molasse Basin. </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="117">
              <name>Accrual Method</name>
              <description>The method by which items are added to a collection.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18202">
                  <text>Purchased by Western Minerals Inc.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18203">
                  <text>Turbidite sequences and carbonate pulses of deposition in a basin.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="87">
              <name>Abstract</name>
              <description>A summary of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18204">
                  <text>The collection consists of a variety of shale, sandstones and conglomerates that illustrate sediment trapped in a molasse basin. </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18218">
                  <text>Oct. 10, 2013</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18219">
                  <text>FM 1-11</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Rock</name>
      <description>A physical material with a mineral composition.</description>
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        <element elementId="129">
          <name>Number of Thin Sections</name>
          <description>Number of thin sections associated with this sample</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="13238">
              <text>1</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13231">
                <text>Conglomerate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13232">
                <text>Conglomerate, dominated by carbonate pebbles). Only a medium grained (1-10cm) facies collection of out of what was perhaps a 50ft exposure of coarse conglomerates. Light pink quartzite pebbles are interpreted to have been deposited during the Triassic.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Poorly sorted mix of sedimentary and igneous clasts floating in a sand sized matrix of varying composition across the sample, with an argiliaceous smell and calcareous content in the cement Thin Section Small grains (1 mm) and small pebble sized granites cemented with mud dominate this thin section, with smaller, angular fragments present as well.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13233">
                <text>Western Minerals, lnc.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13234">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/13"&gt;Flysch Molasse Suite&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13235">
                <text>FM-2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="115">
            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13236">
                <text>Sternenberg, Germany</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="117">
            <name>Accrual Method</name>
            <description>The method by which items are added to a collection.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13237">
                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals, Inc.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18270">
                <text>Oct., 11, 2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="116">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18271">
                <text>Mesozoic </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Alternative Title</name>
            <description>An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18618">
                <text>Calcnagelfluh conglomerate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="410" public="1" featured="0">
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    <collection collectionId="13">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17783">
                  <text>(FM) Flysch Stratigraphic Suite -- Molasse Basin, Switzerland </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17784">
                  <text>Flysch is dominantly a turbidite succession, alternating sandstone and shale 100mm to rarely 100m in syntectonic accumulations. With a rising landmass shedding clastic debris into "deep" troughs, oversteepening of sediments along the shelf or actual tilting of the shell initiated turbidity currents flows deeper into the marine basin. There may be hundreds of these units in a given section. Nappes then over rode the soft sediments, locally producing strong deformational structures in the flysch sediments.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The nappes shed their debris into fresh marine environments in great fans with large accumulations of coarse conglomerates. A molasse section may be a thousand meters thick. Molasse comprises a clastic sedimentary succession in a post-tectonic environment. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Flysch and molasse both have sedimentatlogical as well as tectonic implications associated with their appearance in an outcrop. Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dr. Trumpy at the Geological Institute in Zurich suggested specific localities for collecting and arranged for Dr. Hanspeter and Mr. Freeman to take me into the field on successive days. Later, Mr. Freeman spent several days in order to procure this suite. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A set of kodachrome slides is available and should be used with the specimens to put the rocks into relationships seen in the field. There are 11 slide specimens. All slide specimens were photographed in PPL and XPL.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17785">
                  <text>Western Minerals, inc.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="109">
              <name>References</name>
              <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17995">
                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Eynatten, H.V., 2003, Petrology and chemistry of sandstones from the Swiss Molasse Basin: an archive of the Oligocene to Miocene of the Central Alps: Sedimentology, v.50, p.703-724. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-1309.2003.00571.x"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-1309.2003.00571.x&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Fluvial sandstones from the Swiss Molasse Basin were analyzed for sandstone framework composition, heavy minerals, whole-rock geochemistry and detrital chrome spinel chemistry to understand its provenance.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional resources:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Schlunegger, F., Matter, A., Burbank, D.W., and Â Klaper, E.M., 1997, Magnetostratigraphic constraints on relationships between evolution of the central Swiss Molasse Basin and Alpine orogenic events: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v.109, p.225-241. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1997)1092.3.CO;2%20"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1997)1092.3.CO;2 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Magnetostratigraphic chronologies, together with lithostratigraphic, sedimentological, and petrological data enable detailed reconstruction of the Oligocene to Miocene history of the North Alpine foreland basin in relation to specific orogenic events and exhumation of the Alps.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sinclair, H.D., 1997, Flysch to molasses transition in peripheral foreland basins; the role of the passive margin versus slab breakoff: Geology, v.25, p.1123-1126. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1997)0252.3.CO;2%20"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1997)0252.3.CO;2 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;It is proposed that slab breakoff may have been responsible for the increased sediment supply that resulted in the flysch to molasse transition in the North Alpine foreland basin, and that this provides an alternative to the passive margin model.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Spiegel, C., Siebel, W., Frisch, W., and Berner, Z., 2002, Nd and Sr isotopic ratios and trace element geochemistry of epidote from the Swiss Molasse Basin as provenance indicators; implications for the reconstruction of the echumation history of the Central Alps: Chemical Geology, v.189, p.231-250.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Uses a combination of events to explain the geodynamic scenario of large-scale lateral extension processes affecting the Central Alps in post-collisional times.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Willet, S.D. and Schlunegger, F., 2010, The last phase of deposition in the Swiss Molasse Basin; from foredeep to negative-alpha basin: Basin Research, v.22, p.623-639. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2009.00435.x%20"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2009.00435.x &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Simple analytical theory for the necessary conditions for such a negative-alpha basin to develop and be maintained.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="86">
              <name>Alternative Title</name>
              <description>An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17998">
                  <text>Typical turbidite sequence rocks (predominantly clastics with some evidence of carbonate input) </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="115">
              <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
              <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18200">
                  <text>Molasse Basin, Sternenberg, Germany</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="116">
              <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
              <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18201">
                  <text>In the Late Eocene, the area subsided again and developed into the Molasse Basin. </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="117">
              <name>Accrual Method</name>
              <description>The method by which items are added to a collection.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18202">
                  <text>Purchased by Western Minerals Inc.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18203">
                  <text>Turbidite sequences and carbonate pulses of deposition in a basin.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="87">
              <name>Abstract</name>
              <description>A summary of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18204">
                  <text>The collection consists of a variety of shale, sandstones and conglomerates that illustrate sediment trapped in a molasse basin. </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18218">
                  <text>Oct. 10, 2013</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="18219">
                  <text>FM 1-11</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Rock</name>
      <description>A physical material with a mineral composition.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13555">
                <text>Conglomerate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Alternative Title</name>
            <description>An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13556">
                <text>Fine Conglomerate </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13557">
                <text>Poorly sorted, coarse grained conglomerate; bearing chert, quartzite and granitoid fragments in calcite cement, with an odd mica flake indicating very short transport. The facies that this rock is representative of is uncommon. Conglomerate beds at outcrop are approximately 10cm thick.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Thin section: fine grains of angular, mainly plagioclase and quartz closely packed with little matrix visible, but a mud matrix where applicable.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13558">
                <text>Western Minerals, lnc.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13559">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/13"&gt;Flysch Molasse Suite&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13560">
                <text>FM-7</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="115">
            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13561">
                <text>Alpnach, Germany</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="117">
            <name>Accrual Method</name>
            <description>The method by which items are added to a collection.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13562">
                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals, Inc.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18280">
                <text>Oct., 11, 2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="116">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18281">
                <text>Mesozoic </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
