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 Adirondack Mountains, New York</text>
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                  <text>The Adirondack Mountains of northern New York State are underlain by approximately 20,000 square miles of complexly deformed, high grade metamorphic rocks which are believed to represent a southern outlier of the much larger Grenville Province.The Adirondacks can be divided into the "Lowlands" and the "Highlands" . The Lowlands comprise the northwestern quarter of the belt and are characterized by amphibolite facies metamorphism. The Highlands appear to consist entirely of granulite facies rocks.  All rocks in this suite have been collected from the Highlands and predominantly from the southern quarter of the Adirondacks.  &#13;
&#13;
This suite of rocks is designed to be representative of the Highlands in general. Therefore it includes both metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks.  The latter are very common throughout the Adirondacks and contain the often-discussed anorthosite-charnockite suite of rocks. Almost all rocks in the Adirondack Highlands are strongly foliated. This is the result of intense polyphase deformation that has affected this area.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start here:Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;McLelland, J., and Selleck, B.W.,2011,Â Megacrystic Gore Mountain-type garnets in the Adirondack Highlands; age, origin, and tectonic implications:Geosphere, v.7, no. 5, p.1194-1208, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00683.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/GES00683.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes the formation of the megacrystic garnet amphibolites in the Gore Mountain section of the Adirondack Mountains. The authors conclude that three main factors influenced the garnet development: collapse of the Ottawan orogeny, intrusion of Lyon Mountain Granite, and fluid-related alteration at high temperature.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional resources:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;McLelland, J.M., Bickford, M.E., Hill, B.M., Clechenko, C.C., Valley, J.W., and Hamilton, M.A., 2004,Â Direct dating of Adirondack Massif anorthosite by U-Pb SHRIMP analysis of igneous zircon; implications for AMCG complexes:Â Geological Society of America Bulletin, v.116, no. 11-12, p.1299-1317, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25482.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/B25482.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes techniques used to more accurately date the Adirondack Massif anorthosite.The authors concluded that the massifsÂ &lt;span&gt;constitute a single, composite anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) suite intruded at ca. 1155 Ma. Although the rock suite is considered to be coeval, the authors conclude the rocks are not comagmatic.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Bickford, M.E., Spear, F., and Storm, L., 2002, Geology and geochronolgy of the eastern Adirondacks inÂ &lt;span&gt;New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference, 94th, New York State Geological Association 74th: guidebook for field trips in New York and Vermont : Lake George, New York&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This field trip guide provides for nine stops in the eastern Adirondacks. It also include some thin sections images and zircon images from sample rocks of the field trip stops.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Daly, J.S., and McLelland, J.M., 1996,Â The Grenville orogenic cycle (ca. 1350-1000 Ma); an Adirondack perspective: Tectonophysics, v.265, issue 1-2, p.1-28, doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(96)00144-8" target="_blank"&gt;10.1016/S0040-1951(96)00144-8&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides a detailed geochronological account of the Grenville orogeny (ca. 1350-1000 Ma) with emphasis on the impact it had on the formation of the Adirondack Mountains.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Lewis, A., and Moore, L., 1994,Â Composition and petrogenesis of oxide-, apatite-rich gabbronorites associated with Proterozoic anorthosite massifs: examples from the Adirondack Mountains, New York: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v.116, p.225-238, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310702" target="_blank"&gt;10.1007/BF00310702&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article investigates the occurence of oxide-, apatite-rich gabbronorites with anorthosite massifs of the Adirondacks. The authors describe a multilple-step process of plagioclase crystal fractionation that ultimately leads to high concentrations of P, Fe, and Ti.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;New York State Geological Survey&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/nysgs/nygeology/mineralogy/adirondacks/index.html"&gt;http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/nysgs/nygeology/mineralogy/adirondacks/index.html&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;The NYS Geological Survey is a division of the New York State Museum system. This web page provides some details about the Adirondack Highlands and pictures of various minerals found in this region.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regan, S.P., Chiarenzelli, J.R., McLelland,Â J.M., and Cousens, B. L., 2011,Â Evidence for an enriched asthenospheric source for coronitic metagabbros in the Adirondack Highlands: Geosphere, v.7, issue 3, p.&lt;span&gt;Â 694-709, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00629.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/GES00629.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes the formation of coronitc metagabbros through tectonic processes involving the asthenosphere. Through geochemical and isotopic analyses, the authors provide a timeline of tectonic and petrologic events that supports an asthenospheric source for coronitic metagabbros.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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                  <text>1980</text>
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                  <text>The Adirondack Mountains were formed approximately 1.1- 1.3 billion years ago during the Grenville Orogeny (Precambrian eon, Proterozic era).</text>
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                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc. </text>
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                  <text>This rock suite was collected from the Adirondack Mountains located in the northeastern part of New York State.</text>
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                <text>Mangerite-charnockite</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/7"&gt;Anorthosite-Charnockite and Metamorphic Suite-Adirondack Mountians, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>AD-20</text>
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                <text>Adirondack Highlands-collected from a road cut on NY Route 30 approximately 3 miles southwest of Tupper Lake.</text>
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                <text>Precambrian</text>
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                <text>This specimen is typical of the metaigneous charnockitic rocks associated with the massif anorthosites in the Adirondacks. With variation in the quantity of modal quartz, the rock qualifies as either a charnockite or a mangerite. Quartz content is sufficiently variable to result in both rock types in a single outcrop. These rocks are part of the Mt. Arab complex (earlier referred to as the Tupper Lake Complex (Buddington 1939 p. 116)). The average modes of the mangerite (pyroxene syenite gneiss) and the associated charnockites are:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table style="height:240px;"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Â &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Pyroxene syenite gneiss (1)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Charnockite (2)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Microperthite&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;46&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;46&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Oligoclase&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;42&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;24&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Quartz&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;3.3&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;16&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ferrohypersthene&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;2.0&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;6&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ferroaugite&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;3.6&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;1.4&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Hornblende&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;1.8&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;2.8&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Garnet&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;-&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;0.5&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Â &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Â &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Â &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;(1)Â Â Â  McLelland average of 5&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;(2)Â Â Â  Analysis 112, Table 32, Buddington, 1939&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
Thin section shows K-feldspar, plagioclase and hypersthene.</text>
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                <text>1980</text>
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              <element elementId="50">
                <name>Title</name>
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                  <elementText elementTextId="18146">
                    <text>Marble</text>
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              <element elementId="50">
                <name>Title</name>
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                  <elementText elementTextId="18147">
                    <text>Marble-thin section cross polarized light</text>
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                    <text>Marble-thin section plane polarized light</text>
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                  <text>(ADK) Anorthosite-Charnockite and Metamorphic Suite --&#13;
 Adirondack Mountains, New York</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17772">
                  <text>The Adirondack Mountains of northern New York State are underlain by approximately 20,000 square miles of complexly deformed, high grade metamorphic rocks which are believed to represent a southern outlier of the much larger Grenville Province.The Adirondacks can be divided into the "Lowlands" and the "Highlands" . The Lowlands comprise the northwestern quarter of the belt and are characterized by amphibolite facies metamorphism. The Highlands appear to consist entirely of granulite facies rocks.  All rocks in this suite have been collected from the Highlands and predominantly from the southern quarter of the Adirondacks.  &#13;
&#13;
This suite of rocks is designed to be representative of the Highlands in general. Therefore it includes both metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks.  The latter are very common throughout the Adirondacks and contain the often-discussed anorthosite-charnockite suite of rocks. Almost all rocks in the Adirondack Highlands are strongly foliated. This is the result of intense polyphase deformation that has affected this area.&#13;
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                <elementText elementTextId="17773">
                  <text>Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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              <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17808">
                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start here:Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;McLelland, J., and Selleck, B.W.,2011,Â Megacrystic Gore Mountain-type garnets in the Adirondack Highlands; age, origin, and tectonic implications:Geosphere, v.7, no. 5, p.1194-1208, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00683.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/GES00683.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes the formation of the megacrystic garnet amphibolites in the Gore Mountain section of the Adirondack Mountains. The authors conclude that three main factors influenced the garnet development: collapse of the Ottawan orogeny, intrusion of Lyon Mountain Granite, and fluid-related alteration at high temperature.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional resources:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;McLelland, J.M., Bickford, M.E., Hill, B.M., Clechenko, C.C., Valley, J.W., and Hamilton, M.A., 2004,Â Direct dating of Adirondack Massif anorthosite by U-Pb SHRIMP analysis of igneous zircon; implications for AMCG complexes:Â Geological Society of America Bulletin, v.116, no. 11-12, p.1299-1317, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25482.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/B25482.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes techniques used to more accurately date the Adirondack Massif anorthosite.The authors concluded that the massifsÂ &lt;span&gt;constitute a single, composite anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) suite intruded at ca. 1155 Ma. Although the rock suite is considered to be coeval, the authors conclude the rocks are not comagmatic.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Bickford, M.E., Spear, F., and Storm, L., 2002, Geology and geochronolgy of the eastern Adirondacks inÂ &lt;span&gt;New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference, 94th, New York State Geological Association 74th: guidebook for field trips in New York and Vermont : Lake George, New York&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This field trip guide provides for nine stops in the eastern Adirondacks. It also include some thin sections images and zircon images from sample rocks of the field trip stops.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Daly, J.S., and McLelland, J.M., 1996,Â The Grenville orogenic cycle (ca. 1350-1000 Ma); an Adirondack perspective: Tectonophysics, v.265, issue 1-2, p.1-28, doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(96)00144-8" target="_blank"&gt;10.1016/S0040-1951(96)00144-8&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides a detailed geochronological account of the Grenville orogeny (ca. 1350-1000 Ma) with emphasis on the impact it had on the formation of the Adirondack Mountains.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Lewis, A., and Moore, L., 1994,Â Composition and petrogenesis of oxide-, apatite-rich gabbronorites associated with Proterozoic anorthosite massifs: examples from the Adirondack Mountains, New York: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v.116, p.225-238, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310702" target="_blank"&gt;10.1007/BF00310702&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article investigates the occurence of oxide-, apatite-rich gabbronorites with anorthosite massifs of the Adirondacks. The authors describe a multilple-step process of plagioclase crystal fractionation that ultimately leads to high concentrations of P, Fe, and Ti.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;New York State Geological Survey&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/nysgs/nygeology/mineralogy/adirondacks/index.html"&gt;http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/nysgs/nygeology/mineralogy/adirondacks/index.html&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;The NYS Geological Survey is a division of the New York State Museum system. This web page provides some details about the Adirondack Highlands and pictures of various minerals found in this region.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regan, S.P., Chiarenzelli, J.R., McLelland,Â J.M., and Cousens, B. L., 2011,Â Evidence for an enriched asthenospheric source for coronitic metagabbros in the Adirondack Highlands: Geosphere, v.7, issue 3, p.&lt;span&gt;Â 694-709, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00629.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/GES00629.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes the formation of coronitc metagabbros through tectonic processes involving the asthenosphere. Through geochemical and isotopic analyses, the authors provide a timeline of tectonic and petrologic events that supports an asthenospheric source for coronitic metagabbros.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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                  <text>The Adirondack Mountains were formed approximately 1.1- 1.3 billion years ago during the Grenville Orogeny (Precambrian eon, Proterozic era).</text>
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                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc. </text>
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                  <text>This rock suite was collected from the Adirondack Mountains located in the northeastern part of New York State.</text>
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              <text>Blue Mountain Lake Formation</text>
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                <text>AD-7</text>
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                <text>Adirondack Highlands-collected on NY Route 30 from a large road cut 3.1 miles east of Speculator, NY.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/7"&gt;Anorthosite-Charnockite and Metamorphic Suite-Adirondack Mountains, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                <text>This calcite marble is typical of most Adirondack metacarbonates.  In the majority of instances, original dolomite has reacted to yield calcsilicates. Also present in these specimens are small, serpentinized droplets which may originally have been diopside or forsterite. Remnant grains of each of these minerals have been found in the marble. Accessory minerals are graphite, tourmaline, sphene, and sulfides. Adirondack marbles rarely occur by themselves. Rather, they tend to be interlayered with garnetiferous amphibolites similar to AD-10 (but not necessarily of igneous origin) and calcsilicates such as specimens AD-8 and AD-9. Quartzites and metapelitic layers occur with the marbles.   &#13;
Thin section shows dolomite and serpentinized diospide</text>
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                <text>1980</text>
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                  <text>(DUCO) Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence -- Dutchess County, New York</text>
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                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals, Inc.</text>
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>450-430 Ma</text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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              <text>Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence</text>
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                <text>Dutchess Co., NY</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Metamorphised Briarcliff dolostone.&#13;
&#13;
The thin section shows well-twinned dolomite grains with diopside at the bottom.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                    <text>DUCO-14 hand sample of marble</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>450-430 Ma</text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
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Thin section shows irregular dolomite grains in the center, with pleochroic phlogopite at top and tremolite at bottom.</text>
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                  <text>A classic example of Barrovian-type metamorphism in Dutchess County, NY associated with the Taconic orogeny. A Barrovian metamorphic sequence displays gradual pressure and temperature increase along the metamorphic gradient, and occurs during regional metamorphism. These zones of pressure and temperature increase are recognizable by the characteristic minerals that accompany them. Dutchess County, NY contains an unusually complete sequence.&#13;
&#13;
This collection contains metamorphic rocks from chlorite grade to sillimanite grade in a tight spatial window which records the regional metamorphic gradient increasing  from WNW to ESE. This collection also contains some rocks that mirror the protoliths of the schists and quartzites of the sequence (shales and graywacke). </text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/18"&gt;Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence--Dutchess County, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Metamorphised Balmville limestone with visible phlogopite crystals. Also contains actinolite.&#13;
&#13;
Thin section shows calcite with interspersed pleochroic phlogopite.</text>
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&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start Here:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Vollmer, F. W., and Walker, J., 2009, The classic Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess County and its structural and stratigraphic context in the Taconic Orogeny. In Guidebookâ€”New York State Geological Association Meeting, v. 81, p. 11-1.Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf"&gt;http://www2.newpaltz.edu/~vollmerf/papers/Vollmer_and_Walker_2009_NYSGA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;Â (accessed March 15th, 2015)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A useful field trip guide across the Barrovian metamorphic sequence of Dutchess county. Good general introduction to the geology of the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Keuhner, S.M., and Dilek, Y.R., 1996, Progressive metamorphism of pelitic rocks from protolith to granulite facies, Dutchess County, New York, USA: constraints on the timing of fluid infiltration during regional metamorphism, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 163-181. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.05836.x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A fairly general look at the progressive metamorphism in Dutchess County by one of the foremost workers in the area.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Knopf, E.B., 1927, Some recent work in the Taconic area: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 42-458. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.2475/ajs.s5-14.84.429&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;One of the first articles to describle the Dutchess County rocks as a "classic" Barrovian sequence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., 1981, Geobarometry and geothermometry of plagioclase-biotite-garnet-muscovite assemblages, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 92-97. &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/&lt;span&gt;10.1007/BF00373688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work constraining the pressure and temperature paths of metamorphism in the sequence through equilibrium assemblages. This work was found to be in agreement with other equilibrium assemblage PT paths.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney, D.L., Mechum, T.A., Dilek, Y.R., and Keuhner, S.M., 1996, Modification of garnet during regional metamorphism in garnet through sillimanite-zone rocks, Dutchess County, New York, American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 696-705. &lt;a href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf"&gt; http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1996/Whitney_p696-705_96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Work by Whitney on changes in PTX conditions leading to modification of garnet in the metamorphic sequence. Garnet is widely distributed through the sequence, which makes it a useful marker for tracking these changes.&lt;/li&gt;
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                  <text>This collection is composed of igneous volcanic and intrusive rocks from the St. Francois Mountains of Missouri. The variation within the collection can be used to explain the geologic history of the area. The St. Francois Mountains batholith was formed by granitic intrusions into Precambrian rhyolites, tuffs, and breccias. Then basalt, diabase, and porphyritic intrusions cut the granitoids.</text>
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                  <text>Start here:Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bickford, M.E. and Mose, D.G., 1974, Geochronology of Precambrian rocks, St. Francois Mountains, South eastern Missouri: GSA Special Papers 1975, v. 165, p. 1-48 doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/SPE165-p1" target="_blank"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/SPE165-p1&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Early study of the geochronology of the Precambrian rocks within the St. Francois mountains. Provides further insight upon the sequence discussed in the dscription.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Meert, J.G. and Stuckey, W., 2002, Revisiting the paleomagnetism of the 1.476 Ga St. Francois Mountains igneous province, Missouri: Tectonics v. 21, Issue 2, p. 1-19 doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000TC001265%20" target="_blank"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000TC001265 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Information acquired from paleomagnestism studies of the St. Francois igneous provence has proven fruitful for determining an acient paleomagnetic pole for Laurentia.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Menuge, J.F, Brewer, T.S., and Seeger, C.M., 2002, Petrogenesis of metaluminous A-type rhyolites from the St. Francois Mountains, Missouri and the Mesoproterozoic evolution of the southern Laurentian Margin: Precambrian Research, volume 113, issues 3-4, p. 269-291 doi: &lt;a href="http//dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9268(01)00211-X%20" target="_blank"&gt;http//dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9268(01)00211-X &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Trace elemental analysis of Precambrian rocks from the SFM provide insight into the condition of crystallization and the elemental constituents which played a role into the interesting history of this rhyolitic provence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Rohs, R. C, and Van Schmus, W.R., 2006, Isotopic connection between basement rocks exposed in the St. Francois Mountains and the arbucks Mountains southern mid-continent, North America: International Journal of Earth Sciences, volume 96, Issue 4, p. 599-611 &lt;br /&gt;doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00531-006-0123-5" target="_blank"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00531-006-0123-5&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Radiometric study of the SFM provence and the Arbuckle mountains of southern Oklahoma suggests a common source.Â &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Wenner, D. and Taylor Jr., H.P., 1976, Oxygen and hydrogen isotope studies of a Precambian granite-rhyolite terrane, ST. Francois Mountains, southeastern Missouri: Geological Society of America bulletin v. 87, no. 11, p.1587-1598 &lt;br /&gt;doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606" target="_blank"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Isotopic analysis of oxygen isotope content within mineral grains within the Precambrian rhyolitic rocks of the SFM yields data that suggests Precambrian oceans were similar to modern day meteoric oceans.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Start here:Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bickford, M.E. and Mose, D.G., 1974, Geochronology of Precambrian rocks, St. Francois Mountains, South eastern Missouri: GSA Special Papers 1975, v. 165, p. 1-48 doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/SPE165-p1" target="_blank"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/SPE165-p1&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Early study of the geochronology of the Precambrian rocks within the St. Francois mountains. Provides further insight upon the sequence discussed in the dscription.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Meert, J.G. and Stuckey, W., 2002, Revisiting the paleomagnetism of the 1.476 Ga St. Francois Mountains igneous province, Missouri: Tectonics v. 21, Issue 2, p. 1-19 doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000TC001265%20" target="_blank"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000TC001265 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Information acquired from paleomagnestism studies of the St. Francois igneous provence has proven fruitful for determining an acient paleomagnetic pole for Laurentia.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Menuge, J.F, Brewer, T.S., and Seeger, C.M., 2002, Petrogenesis of metaluminous A-type rhyolites from the St. Francois Mountains, Missouri and the Mesoproterozoic evolution of the southern Laurentian Margin: Precambrian Research, volume 113, issues 3-4, p. 269-291 doi: &lt;a href="http//dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9268(01)00211-X%20" target="_blank"&gt;http//dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9268(01)00211-X &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Trace elemental analysis of Precambrian rocks from the SFM provide insight into the condition of crystallization and the elemental constituents which played a role into the interesting history of this rhyolitic provence.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Rohs, R. C, and Van Schmus, W.R., 2006, Isotopic connection between basement rocks exposed in the St. Francois Mountains and the arbucks Mountains southern mid-continent, North America: International Journal of Earth Sciences, volume 96, Issue 4, p. 599-611 &lt;br /&gt;doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00531-006-0123-5" target="_blank"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00531-006-0123-5&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Radiometric study of the SFM provence and the Arbuckle mountains of southern Oklahoma suggests a common source.Â &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Wenner, D. and Taylor Jr., H.P., 1976, Oxygen and hydrogen isotope studies of a Precambian granite-rhyolite terrane, ST. Francois Mountains, southeastern Missouri: Geological Society of America bulletin v. 87, no. 11, p.1587-1598 &lt;br /&gt;doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606" target="_blank"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Isotopic analysis of oxygen isotope content within mineral grains within the Precambrian rhyolitic rocks of the SFM yields data that suggests Precambrian oceans were similar to modern day meteoric oceans.&lt;/li&gt;
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                    <text>Megacrystic potassium feldspar gneiss-thin section cross polarized light</text>
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                  <text>(ADK) Anorthosite-Charnockite and Metamorphic Suite --&#13;
 Adirondack Mountains, New York</text>
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                  <text>The Adirondack Mountains of northern New York State are underlain by approximately 20,000 square miles of complexly deformed, high grade metamorphic rocks which are believed to represent a southern outlier of the much larger Grenville Province.The Adirondacks can be divided into the "Lowlands" and the "Highlands" . The Lowlands comprise the northwestern quarter of the belt and are characterized by amphibolite facies metamorphism. The Highlands appear to consist entirely of granulite facies rocks.  All rocks in this suite have been collected from the Highlands and predominantly from the southern quarter of the Adirondacks.  &#13;
&#13;
This suite of rocks is designed to be representative of the Highlands in general. Therefore it includes both metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks.  The latter are very common throughout the Adirondacks and contain the often-discussed anorthosite-charnockite suite of rocks. Almost all rocks in the Adirondack Highlands are strongly foliated. This is the result of intense polyphase deformation that has affected this area.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Start here:Â &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;McLelland, J., and Selleck, B.W.,2011,Â Megacrystic Gore Mountain-type garnets in the Adirondack Highlands; age, origin, and tectonic implications:Geosphere, v.7, no. 5, p.1194-1208, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00683.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/GES00683.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes the formation of the megacrystic garnet amphibolites in the Gore Mountain section of the Adirondack Mountains. The authors conclude that three main factors influenced the garnet development: collapse of the Ottawan orogeny, intrusion of Lyon Mountain Granite, and fluid-related alteration at high temperature.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional resources:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;McLelland, J.M., Bickford, M.E., Hill, B.M., Clechenko, C.C., Valley, J.W., and Hamilton, M.A., 2004,Â Direct dating of Adirondack Massif anorthosite by U-Pb SHRIMP analysis of igneous zircon; implications for AMCG complexes:Â Geological Society of America Bulletin, v.116, no. 11-12, p.1299-1317, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25482.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/B25482.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes techniques used to more accurately date the Adirondack Massif anorthosite.The authors concluded that the massifsÂ &lt;span&gt;constitute a single, composite anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) suite intruded at ca. 1155 Ma. Although the rock suite is considered to be coeval, the authors conclude the rocks are not comagmatic.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Bickford, M.E., Spear, F., and Storm, L., 2002, Geology and geochronolgy of the eastern Adirondacks inÂ &lt;span&gt;New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference, 94th, New York State Geological Association 74th: guidebook for field trips in New York and Vermont : Lake George, New York&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This field trip guide provides for nine stops in the eastern Adirondacks. It also include some thin sections images and zircon images from sample rocks of the field trip stops.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Daly, J.S., and McLelland, J.M., 1996,Â The Grenville orogenic cycle (ca. 1350-1000 Ma); an Adirondack perspective: Tectonophysics, v.265, issue 1-2, p.1-28, doi: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(96)00144-8" target="_blank"&gt;10.1016/S0040-1951(96)00144-8&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides a detailed geochronological account of the Grenville orogeny (ca. 1350-1000 Ma) with emphasis on the impact it had on the formation of the Adirondack Mountains.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;McLelland, J., Lewis, A., and Moore, L., 1994,Â Composition and petrogenesis of oxide-, apatite-rich gabbronorites associated with Proterozoic anorthosite massifs: examples from the Adirondack Mountains, New York: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v.116, p.225-238, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310702" target="_blank"&gt;10.1007/BF00310702&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article investigates the occurence of oxide-, apatite-rich gabbronorites with anorthosite massifs of the Adirondacks. The authors describe a multilple-step process of plagioclase crystal fractionation that ultimately leads to high concentrations of P, Fe, and Ti.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;New York State Geological Survey&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/nysgs/nygeology/mineralogy/adirondacks/index.html"&gt;http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/nysgs/nygeology/mineralogy/adirondacks/index.html&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;The NYS Geological Survey is a division of the New York State Museum system. This web page provides some details about the Adirondack Highlands and pictures of various minerals found in this region.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regan, S.P., Chiarenzelli, J.R., McLelland,Â J.M., and Cousens, B. L., 2011,Â Evidence for an enriched asthenospheric source for coronitic metagabbros in the Adirondack Highlands: Geosphere, v.7, issue 3, p.&lt;span&gt;Â 694-709, doi:Â &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00629.1" target="_blank"&gt;10.1130/GES00629.1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes the formation of coronitc metagabbros through tectonic processes involving the asthenosphere. Through geochemical and isotopic analyses, the authors provide a timeline of tectonic and petrologic events that supports an asthenospheric source for coronitic metagabbros.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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                  <text>1980</text>
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              <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
              <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17815">
                  <text>The Adirondack Mountains were formed approximately 1.1- 1.3 billion years ago during the Grenville Orogeny (Precambrian eon, Proterozic era).</text>
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                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc. </text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17824">
                  <text>This rock suite was collected from the Adirondack Mountains located in the northeastern part of New York State.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="4529">
              <text>Rooster Hill Formation</text>
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        <element elementId="129">
          <name>Number of Thin Sections</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="4532">
              <text>1</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="4526">
                <text>Megacrystic potassium feldspar gneiss</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="4527">
                <text>Adirondack Highlands-collected from a road cut 2.25 miles north of Hamilton-Fulton counties line at sharp curve on NY Route 10, approximately 5.5 miles north of Junction wjth Route 29A. </text>
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          <element elementId="116">
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                <text>Precambrian</text>
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          <element elementId="37">
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              <elementText elementTextId="4530">
                <text>Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://geosciencecollections.milne-library.org/collections/show/7"&gt;Anorthosite-Charnockite and Metamorphic Suite-Adirondack Mountains, New York&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Purchased from Western Minerals Inc.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This lithology is characterized by 1-4 inch long megacrysts of microperthite in a groundmass of quartz, oligoclase, hornblende, orthopyroxene, garnet, and oxide. Although the contacts of this unit are everywhere conformable, the rock is believed to represent a metamorphosed igneous plutonic rock. Similar lithologies are present at other stratigraphic horizons in the Adirondacks. In the Northwest Adirondack Lowlands, Buddington referred to a similar lithology as the Hermon Granite Gneiss. The present samples would be more appropriately referred to as metamorphosed quartz-monzonites. Sporadic occurrences of orthopyroxene indicate that, locally at least, the lithologies are charnockitic.&#13;
Thin section shows plagioclase, quartz, hornblende and orthopyroxene.</text>
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                <text>1980</text>
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              <element elementId="50">
                <name>Title</name>
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                    <text>40x Magnification</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>(HA) Volcanic Phenomena Suite -- The Hawaiian Islands of Hawaii and Oahu</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17793">
                  <text>These 31 samples comprise a collection of volcanic rocks associated with the hot-spot volcanism of the Hawaiian Islands. Samples were collected from various locations across the islands of Hawaii and Oahu. The collection contains samples of primarily tholeiitic &amp; alkalic basalts, pumice, scoria, oceanite, and hawaiite. </text>
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            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17794">
                  <text>Western Minerals, Inc.</text>
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            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="17819">
                  <text>1969</text>
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            <element elementId="43">
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                  <text>HA-1 - HA-31</text>
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              <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17821">
                  <text>Samples were collected from various locations on the islands of Hawaii and Oahu. </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="116">
              <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
              <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17822">
                  <text>Samples formed from Holocene eruptions of the past 300 years. Dated samples formed between 1750 and 1960. </text>
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              <name>Accrual Method</name>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17823">
                  <text>Purchased from Western Minerals, Inc. </text>
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            </element>
            <element elementId="109">
              <name>References</name>
              <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="17997">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1949, Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 214 D&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article is a part of the general investigation of the island of Hawaii by the United States Geologic Survey. The paper describes the dominant volcanoes of the island of Hawaii (from which most of the suite's samples were collected) and describes the petrographic phenomena observed and geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks.Â &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Resources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ho, R.A., Garcia, M.O., 1988, Origin of differentiated lavas at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii; implications from the 1955 eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 35-46.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article describes a study of lava flows from the 1955 eruption of the Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii to evaluate models of crystal fractionation or magma mixing as the processes forming differentiated magmas. Through geochemical analyses, the study concluded that crystal fractionation resulted in the observed differentiation of lavas.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hofman, A.W., Farnetani, C.G., 2013, Two Views of Hawaiian Plume Structure: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v.14, p. 5308-5322, doi:10.1002/2013GC004942&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article presents two opposing views of the source of magmas for the Hawaiian volcanoes. Both views favor a deep mantle source, but try to explain differences in isotopic compositions.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Macdonald, G.A., 1968, Composition and origin of Hawaiian LavasÂ &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; GSA Memoirs 1968, p. 477-522&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article provides geochemical analysis of major elements as well as determinations of minor elements of volcanic rocks from the island of Hawaii. The article describes the three major rock types - tholeitic, alkalic, and nephelinic - and concludes these rock suites are chemically intergradational and are likely derived from crystal differentiation of a single parent magma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moore, J.G., Clague, D.A., 1992, Volcano growth and evolution of the Island of Hawaii: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1471-1484&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;This article proposes a chronologic evolution of the island of Hawaii, from where many of the suite's samples were collected.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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      <description>A physical material with a mineral composition.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Melilite Nephelinite</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Hand Sample: Aphanitic light gray nephelinite containing some melilite. Melilite is the white minerals that range in size from 0.1 to 0.5cm. Sample contains numerous small sized (less than 0.05cm) vesicles that are evident on the cut face. </text>
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                <text>Thin Section: Groundmass composed of euhedral quartz grains with abundant phenocrysts of olivine and pyroxenes.</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16351">
                <text>Western Minerals</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16352">
                <text>Volcanic Phenomena Suite - The Hawaiian Islands of Hawaii and Oahu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16353">
                <text>HA-30</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="115">
            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16354">
                <text>Moilule Quarry, Honolulu - Island of Oahu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18567">
                <text>Sample collected in January, 1969.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
